Understanding Developmental Milestones (0–5 Years)
The early years of a child’s life are a time of remarkable growth and change. From a baby’s first smile to a preschooler’s growing independence, children develop a wide range of skills between birth and five years. These changes are often referred to as developmental milestones.
At Tillys, we support children, families and educators to understand and celebrate each stage of development, recognising that every child grows and learns at their own unique pace.
What Are Developmental Milestones?
Developmental milestones are skills or behaviours that most children achieve within a certain age range. They are often grouped into key areas of development, including:
- Physical development (gross and fine motor skills)
- Social and emotional development
- Language and communication
- Cognitive development (thinking, learning and problem-solving)
Milestones provide a general guide to development, but it’s important to remember that children reach them at different times.
Developmental Milestones by Age
Birth–12 Months (Infants)
During the first year, babies develop rapidly as they begin to explore the world around them. Common milestones include:
- Rolling, sitting, crawling and beginning to stand
- Grasping objects and exploring with hands and mouth
- Responding to familiar voices and faces
- Babbling and early communication sounds
- Forming strong attachments with caregivers
1–3 Years (Toddlers)
Toddlers develop growing independence as their physical and communication skills expand. Milestones often include:
- Walking, running, climbing and exploring
- Using simple words and short sentences
- Beginning to express emotions and preferences
- Engaging in parallel play alongside other children
- Developing self-help skills such as feeding and dressing
3–5 Years (Preschoolers)
Preschool-aged children build confidence and more complex skills as they prepare for school. Common milestones include:
- Jumping, hopping, balancing and improved coordination
- Speaking in full sentences and asking questions
- Engaging in cooperative and imaginative play
- Developing friendships and understanding social rules
- Increasing independence, problem-solving and resilience
Supporting Children Through Milestones
Reaching milestones is not about rushing children or comparing them to others. Children develop best when they feel safe, supported and encouraged.
At Tillys, educators support children by:
- Observing and documenting each child’s development
- Planning play-based learning experiences to support growth
- Building strong, trusting relationships
- Working in partnership with families
- Supporting children at their individual pace
How Families Can Support Development at Home
Families play a vital role in supporting developmental milestones through everyday experiences, such as:
- Talking, reading and singing with your child
- Encouraging play and exploration
- Providing opportunities for physical activity
- Supporting independence with guidance and reassurance
- Celebrating progress, effort and achievements
When to Seek Support
If you have concerns about your child’s development, it’s always okay to seek advice. Early support can make a positive difference and identifying struggles early on can help set children up for future success. Educators at Tillys are knowledgeable professionals who are available to talk with families about children’s development and can support families with writing observations for referrals or recommending health professionals if needed.
Celebrating Every Child’s Journey
Every child’s development journey is unique. Milestones are a helpful guide, not a checklist. At Tillys, we celebrate each child’s progress and individuality, supporting them to grow, learn and thrive from birth to five years.
By working together, families and educators can ensure children feel confident, capable and supported as they reach each milestone along the way. 🌱